Free calculators · Medicare
Will I pay the Medicare IRMAA surcharge in 2026?
If your 2024 modified adjusted gross income was over $109,000 single or $218,000 married filing jointly, yes. Enter your income to see your 2026 premiums, the surcharge for the year, and how close you are to the next line.
IRMAA surcharge for 2026
$0
Part B premium, each
$0
Part D surcharge, each
$0
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Book a free 30 minutes| 2026 tier | MAGI, single | MAGI, joint | Part B monthly | Part D added monthly | Surcharge per person per year |
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Hypothetical and educational only. Results are estimates from the figures you enter and the rules cited below. They do not account for every factor in your situation, are not a guarantee of any result, and are not tax, legal, or investment advice. Part D surcharges are added to whatever your drug plan charges. Married filing separately uses its own brackets, shown in the questions below.
How IRMAA works
Medicare charges higher earners more for Part B and Part D. Social Security looks at your tax return from two years earlier: 2026 premiums come from 2024 income. The measure is modified adjusted gross income, which is your AGI plus tax-exempt interest, so municipal bond interest counts.
The tiers are cliffs, not ramps. A married couple at $218,000 pays the standard premium; at $218,001 they pay about $2,297 more for the year. That is why a large IRA withdrawal, a Roth conversion, a business sale, or a big capital gain in one year can raise Medicare premiums two years later. Planning the size of those items, and the year they land in, is often worth more than the surcharge itself.
Married filing separately
If you are married, file separately, and lived with your spouse at any time during the year, there are only three levels: no surcharge up to $109,000, the fifth tier above $109,000 and below $391,000, and the top tier at $391,000 or more.
Questions people ask
- What income does Medicare use for IRMAA?
- Modified adjusted gross income: the adjusted gross income on your federal return plus tax-exempt interest. Social Security uses the return from two years earlier, so 2026 premiums are set by your 2024 return.
- What are the 2026 IRMAA thresholds?
- No surcharge up to $109,000 of MAGI for a single filer or $218,000 for married couples filing jointly. Above that there are five tiers, ending at $500,000 single and $750,000 joint. The standard 2026 Part B premium is $202.90 a month, and the top tier pays $689.90 for Part B plus $91.00 a month extra for Part D.
- Is IRMAA a cliff?
- Yes. One dollar over a threshold moves you into the next tier for the whole year. For a married couple, crossing $218,000 by one dollar adds about $2,297 for the year in combined Part B and Part D surcharges.
- Does a Roth conversion count toward IRMAA?
- Yes. The converted amount is part of adjusted gross income in the year you convert, so it can raise your Medicare premiums two years later. Many people size conversions to stay just under a threshold.
- Can I appeal IRMAA if my income dropped?
- If a life-changing event lowered your income, such as stopping work, marriage, divorce, the death of a spouse, or the loss of a pension, you can ask Social Security to use a more recent year with Form SSA-44.
For how IRMAA fits with RMDs and Roth conversions, see the RMD calculator and the free Retirement Reality Report.
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